India has a long and rich tradition of judicial mechanisms in which such out-of-court settlements were more of a norm than exception, she said, adding that the institution of panchayat is legendary for fostering amicable resolutions.

Describing the panchayats as a pillar of social harmony, Murmu said, “Unfortunately, the colonial rulers ignored this exemplary legacy when they imposed an alien legal system on us.”

She said that mediation fosters dialogue, understanding and collaboration, which are essential for building a harmonious and progressive nation. It will lead to the emergence of a conflict-resilient, inclusive and harmonious society, she said.

In his inaugural address, CJI Sanjiv Khanna said that “courtroom adjudication is often to a dispute and parties, what most medicines are to an ailment — they treat the symptoms and provide relief, which makes us feel better” but “at times, the root cause remains unaddressed, and the ailment and pain remain…”

Underlining the importance of mediation, the CJI said that it seeks to identify and remedy the root cause, goes deeper into the issue, and addresses primordial and underlying concerns that are the cause of the dispute. “It allows for a more holistic solution,” he said.

Hailing section 43 of the Mediation Act which provides for “community mediation”, CJI Khanna said, “Disputes likely to affect peace, harmony, and tranquillity among residents or families in a specific area or locality may be resolved through community mediation. This is an important step forward.” It is through mediation that social justice as envisaged in the Constitution can be achieved, he added.

Union MoS for Law and Justice Arjun Ram Meghwal and CJI-designate Justice B R Gavai were also present.